There are three basic soil types:
- clay: It's compact and heavy, can hold water, but it's difficult for plants to develop roots into it.
- sandy: It's the opposite of clay. It drains fast but tends to loose water and nutritions.
- loam: It's dark, rich soil, the best soil for almost everything.
- loamy sand
- sandy loam
- silty clay
- clay loam
https://ldas.gsfc.nasa.gov/nldas/images/NLDAS_STATSGO_soiltexture.gif